ICT and Education in Indonesia (By Harina Yuhetty)

In the beginning globalization is fully believed to be able to lead to greater economic development in the sense of greater market scale, which in turn will increase the gross national product. So people believed that poor countries or third world countries will develop faster, thus the economic gap between the rich developed countries and the third world countries will diminished.
However, facts show the contrary. It is true that the gross national product of countries will increase, but the gap between the income of the rich and poor countries is also getting wider.

GIRLS’ EDUCATION IN INDONESIA (UNICEF)

FACT: The Governm ent of Indonesia since its independence in 1945 has s teadily expanded its education sys tem and compuls ory 9 years of basic education was declared a national policy in 1994.
FACT: Most children, both boys and girls , enroll in prim ary school, with the net enrolm ent ratio (NER) reaching 93 per cent in 2002, with no s ignificant gender gap.
FACT: At the junior s econdary school level, the NER drops to 61.6 per cent with a s lightly higher ratio for girls (62.4 per cent) than boys (60.9 percent).
FACT: More children from urban areas (71.9 per cent) go to junior high com pared to rural areas (54.1 per cent).
FACT: Enrollment differs significantly among incom e groups. The poores t 20 percent of the population has a much lower NER of 49.9 per cent compared to 72.2 percent in the richest 20 per cent.

Education in Indonesia

Education in Indonesia is the responsibility of the Ministry of National Education of Indonesia (Departemen Pendidikan Nasional Republik Indonesia/Depdiknas). Education in Indonesia was previously the responsibility of the Ministry of Education and Culture of Indonesia (Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia/Depdikbud). In Indonesia, every citizen has to have nine years of education, six years at elementary level and three in middle school.